Osteoporosis - Restore Wellness Center

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by weak and brittle bones that are more susceptible to fractures. It develops when bone density and quality deteriorate over time.

Some key facts about osteoporosis:

• It is often called a "silent disease" because bone loss occurs without symptoms. People may not know they have it until a minor fall or sudden impact causes a broken bone.
• It is more common in women than men, especially after menopause when estrogen levels drop. However, men can develop it too.
• Major risk factors include getting older, family history, smoking, low calcium intake, vitamin D deficiency, and certain medications like prednisone.

What causes bone to weaken?

Normally, bone tissue is in a constant state of turnover and renewal. New bone is made by cells called osteoblasts while old bone is removed by cells called osteoclasts. Osteoporosis develops when:

• The rate of bone breakdown exceeds the rate of bone rebuilding.
• The quality of bone tissue deteriorates.

Over time, this imbalance causes bones to lose density and structural integrity. They become more porous and fragile.

What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?

In the early stages, osteoporosis does not cause symptoms. You cannot feel your bones getting weaker. Once weakened, bones are more prone to fractures. Fractures often occur in the wrist, hip, and spine.

Some symptoms that may indicate osteoporosis include:

• Back pain caused by a fractured or collapsed vertebra
• Loss of height over time
• Stooped posture

How is osteoporosis detected and diagnosed?

Doctors can detect osteoporosis before fractures occur. Some diagnostic tests include:

• Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA scan) to measure bone mineral density. This is the gold standard test.
• Labs to check for nutrient deficiencies or conditions affecting bone health.
• Vertebral fracture assessment to check for spinal fractures.

A doctor will also review medical history, perform a physical exam, and assess fracture risk using the FRAX tool. Osteoporosis is diagnosed if bone density T-scores are -2.5 or lower.

How is osteoporosis treated and managed?

The main goals of treatment are to reduce fracture risk and maintain bone health. Options include:

• Bisphosphonates like alendronate (Fosamax) to prevent bone breakdown
• Estrogen therapy or raloxifene for postmenopausal women
• Parathyroid hormone (Forteo) to stimulate bone formation
• Supplements like calcium and vitamin D

Making lifestyle changes can also help manage osteoporosis:

• Get adequate calcium and vitamin D
• Do weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises
• Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol
• Prevent falls and injuries

Early detection and adherence to treatment is key to preventing painful fractures and maintaining an active, healthy lifestyle. If you are concerned about osteoporosis risk, visit the Restore Wellness Center for a comprehensive bone health evaluation. Their individualized programs help build strong, fracture-resistant bones for better health and quality of life.